The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.